Building and brand recognition of veterinary clinics in Slovenia

Authors

  • Gregor Jagodič International School for Social and Business Studies image/svg+xml
  • Anja Jagodič

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32015/JIBM.2026.18.1.6

Keywords:

veterinary clinics, brand, recognisability, communication, user experience, digital presence

Abstract

This article examines the factors that shape brand building and recognition among veterinary clinics in Slovenia. It is grounded in the premise that, within the veterinary sector, a brand cannot be reduced to visual identity or promotional activity alone, but should instead be understood as a multidimensional construct formed through professional quality, trust, communication, user experience, and digital presence. The study aims to explore how owners of veterinary clinics understand the development of a clinic’s brand and recognition, as well as the importance they attribute to trust, communication, user experience, and digital visibility in this process. The research combines a review of relevant literature with a qualitative empirical approach. The empirical part is based on nine semi-structured interviews conducted with owners of private veterinary clinics from different regions of Slovenia, while the data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis. The findings indicate that clinic owners primarily associate brand building with professional expertise, quality of treatment, consistency in service delivery, clear communication, and the overall user experience. Recognition is seen as being shaped mainly by local presence, word-of-mouth recommendations, professional reputation, a clearly defined clinic identity, and digital visibility. Trust emerges as a central linking element between brand and recognition, whereas digital presence functions as an important point of first contact, accessibility, and perceived credibility. The article contributes to the understanding of veterinary clinic branding by integrating insights from service branding, trust, veterinary communication, and digital presence within the Slovenian context.

References

Ahmed, S.K. (2024). The pillars of trustworthiness and qualitative research. Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health, 2, Article 100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100051

Barnett, M.L., Jermier, J.M., & Lafferty, B.A. (2006). Corporate reputation: The definitional landscape. Corporate Reputation Review, 9(1), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550012

Berry, L.L. (2000). Cultivating service brand equity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070300281012

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2024). Supporting best practice and reflexive thematic analysis reporting in Palliative Medicine: A review of published research and introduction to the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (RTARG). Palliative Medicine, 38(6), 608 – 616. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163241234800

Brown, B.R. (2018). The dimensions of pet-owner loyalty and their relationship with communication, trust, commitment, and perceived value. Veterinary Sciences, 5(4), Article 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci5040095

Busetto, L., Wick, W., & Gumbinger, C. (2020). How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurological Research and Practice, 2, Article 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z

Creswell, J.W., & Poth, C.N. (2023). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (5th ed.). SAGE.

Czernek-Marszałek, K., & McCabe, S. (2024). Sampling and qualitative interview research: Criteria, considerations and guidelines for success. Annals of Tourism Research, 104, Article 103711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103711

Fejzić, N., Muftić, A., Šerić-Haračić, S., & Muftić, E. (2023). The impact of digital presence and eyes of information technology on business performance of veterinary practices: A case study of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, Article 1208654. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1208654

FEDIAF. (2025). Facts & figures 2025. https://europeanpetfood.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/FEDIAF-Facts-Figures-2025.pdf

Groves, C.N.H., Coe, J.B., Sutherland, K.A., Bauman, C., & Grant, L.E. (2024). Clients prefer collaborative decision-making with veterinarians regardless of appointment type. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 263(1). https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.06.0421

Jagodič, G. (2021). E-business and Marketing Activities for Online Shopping International Innovative Business = Journal of Innovative Business and Management, 13(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.32015/JIBM/2021.13.1.29-39

Jagodič, G., & Milfelner, B. (2022). The role of B2B marketing strategy, ICT B2B marketing support, and service quality and market orientation – performance relationship: Evidence from three European countries. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2128252

Jagodič, G., Jagodič, D., & Gorenak, M. (2025). The impact of digitalisation on the business operations of tourism: International innovative business = Journal of Innovative Business and Management, 17(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.32015/JIBM.2025.17.1.1

Janke, N., Coe, J.B., Bernardo, T.M., Dewey, C.E., & Stone, E.A. (2021). Five owners 'and veterinarians' perceptions of information exchange and clinical decision-making and companion animal practice. PLOS ONE, 16(2), e0245632. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245632

Kleinsorgen, C., & Artemiou, E. (2025). Advancing veterinary clinical communication. Journal of Veterinary Science, 26(1), e10. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24348

Kumar, P., Mittal, S., & Kumar, S. (2024). Building healthcare brand: Role of service, image, and trust. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 19(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v19i1.3333

Liang, B. (2022). How brand experience, satisfaction, trust, and commitment affect loyalty: A reexamination and reconciliation. Italian Journal of Marketing, 2022(2), 203–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43039-021-00042-9

Malterud, K., Siersma, V.D., & Guassora, A.D. (2016). Sample size and quality interview studies: Guided by information power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1753–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444

Pareek, V., & Harrison, T. (2020). SERVBID: The development of a B2C service brand identity scale. Journal of Services Marketing, 34(5), 601–620. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-05-2019-0195

Pocchiari, M., Proserpio, D., & Dover, Y. (2025). Online reviews: A literature review and roadmap for future research. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 42(2), 275–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2024.08.009

Potthoff, S., Hempeler, C., & Scholten, M. (2023). Research ethics and qualitative health research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231189335

Full, J.K.H. (2020). An integrated review of the role of communication in veterinary medicine clinical practice. BMC Veterinary Research, 16, Article 394. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02558-2

Shams, R., Chatterjee, S., & Chaudhuri, R. (2024). Developing brand identity and sales strategy in the digital era: Moderating role of consumer belief and brand. Journal of Business Research, 179, Article 114689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114689

Shaw, J.R., Adams, C.L., & Bonnett, B.N. (2004). What can veterinarians learn from studies of physician-patient communication about veterinarian-client-patient communication? Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 224(5), 676–684. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2004.224.676

SPOT. (n.d.-a). Concession for the performance of public veterinary services. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://spot.gov.si/sl/dejavnosti-in-poklici/dovoljenja/koncesija-za-opravljanje-dejavnosti-javne-veterinarske-sluzbe

SPOT. (n.d.-b). Veterinary Medicine (75,000). Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://spot.gov.si/sl/dejavnosti-in-poklici/dejavnosti/veterinarstvo-75-000/

SPOT. (n.d.-c). Verification of veterinary organizations. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://spot.gov.si/sl/dejavnosti-in-poklici/dovoljenja/verifikacija-veterinarske-organizacije

SPOT. (n.d.-d). Entry in the register of veterinary licenses. Retrieved April 12, 2026, from https://spot.gov.si/sl/dejavnosti-in-poklici/dovoljenja/vpis-v-register-licenc-za-veterinarje/

Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. (2025, October 9). Usage of internet in households and by individuals, 2025. https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/nk/News/Index/13908

Vukasović, T., & Jagodič, G. (2025). Marketing: Marketing concepts and strategies. University of Primorska Publishing House. https://www.hippocampus.si/ISBN/978-961-293-531-3/index.html

Walsh, G., & Beatty, S.E. (2007). Customer-based corporate reputation of a service firm: Scale development and validation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35, 127–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-007-0015-7

Downloads

Published

23.06.2026

Issue

Section

Original article

How to Cite

Jagodič, G., & Jagodič, A. (2026). Building and brand recognition of veterinary clinics in Slovenia. Mednarodno Inovativno Poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.32015/JIBM.2026.18.1.6

Most read articles by the same author(s)